Historical Stage

1777 – G. C. Lichtenberg in Germany recorded electrographs of sliding discharge in dust created by static electricity and electric sparks.

1880 – Nicola Tesla in USA showed that luminous discharges appear around the body when it is exposed to high frequency electromagnetic field.

1892 – J. J. Narkiewich-Jodko in Russia studied electrography and developed it as a method of study of human potencies. His research was taken over by M.Pogorelski in Russia and B.I.Navratil in Czehia.

1930 – Doctors Pratt and Schlemmer in Prague studied “contact prints of various objects placed on the photographic emulsion in an electrical field during the electric discharges”.

Pre Scientific Research Stage

1939 - A russian technician Semyon D. Kirlian was repairing equipment in a hospital when he noticed that through the interaction of electric currents and photographic plates, imprints of living organisms developed on film. Kirlian and his wife Valentina entered into a search for knowledge that lasted all their life. Valentina died in 1972, Semyon followed her in 1978.

1970s – due to the book titled “Psychic Discoveries Behind the Iron Curtain” by S. Ostrander and L. Schroeder the work of Kirlians became known in USA.

1970-90 – Hundreds of papers and tens of books were published. A lot of interesting observations and a set of statistical correlations were collected. Most of the researchers were using photopaper technique.

1983-86 – I. Dumitresku in Romania, P. Mandel in Germany, N. Melhomens in Brazil developed different approaches to diagnostic using electrophotographic process

Scientific Research Stage